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Sleep Hygiene Index

Sleep Hygiene Index

What is SHI

The Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI) is a 13-item self-administered index intended to assess the presence of behaviors thought to comprise sleep hygiene. Participants are asked to indicate how frequently they engage in specific behaviors (always, frequently, sometimes, rarely, never). Items constructing the Sleep Hygiene Index are derived from the diagnostic criteria for inadequate sleep hygiene in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (American Sleep Disorders Association, 1990). Item scores were summed providing a global assessment of sleep hygiene. Higher scores are indicative of more maladaptive sleep hygiene status.

SHI Printable PDF

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SHI Scoring and Interpretation

PsyPack can automatically score the SHI assessment and prepare corresponding tables and graphs.

Further, PsyPack automatically plots a graph to help you easily track progress over time.

Domain

Sleep

What does SHI measure

The purpose of the evaluation is to:

  • provide a global assessment of sleep hygiene.

Administration

Self-administered

Type of outcome tool

Clinical

Assessment modes

Questionnaire

Age and eligibility

Adults

Estimated time

Less than 5 minutes

Notes

Since the questionnaire relies on client self-report, all responses should be verified by the clinician, and a definitive diagnosis is made on clinical grounds taking into account how well the client understood the questionnaire, as well as other relevant information from the client.

Sleep hygiene may be described as practicing behaviors that facilitate sleep and avoiding behaviors that interfere with sleep. Inadequate sleep hygiene is defined in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders as a “sleep disorder due to the performance of daily living activities that are inconsistent with the maintenance of good quality sleep and full daytime alertness”.

  • Sleep hygiene behaviors are relatively stable over time for a nonclinical population.
  • Sleep hygiene is strongly related to sleep quality and modestly related to perceptions of daytime sleepiness.
  • Support of the sleep hygiene construct was also provided by strong correlations with the associated features of a diagnosis of inadequate sleep hygiene.

Authors suggest that clinically it is important to understand that sleep hygiene does not exist in isolation and may be better understood when considering the psychosocial context of the patient (e.g., precipitation and/or maintenance of maladaptive sleep hygiene behaviors may not be addressed by education alone).

Attribution and References

Mastin DF, Bryson J, Corwyn R. Assessment of sleep hygiene using the Sleep Hygiene Index. J Behav Med. 2006 Jun;29(3):223-7. doi: 10.1007/s10865-006-9047-6. Epub 2006 Mar 24. PMID: 16557353.

Mastin DF, Bryson J, Corwyn R. Assessment of sleep hygiene using the Sleep Hygiene Index. J Behav Med. 2006 Jun;29(3):223-7. doi: 10.1007/s10865-006-9047-6. Epub 2006 Mar 24. PMID: 16557353.
Archived link
Mastin, D., Siddalingaiah, H., Singh, A., & Lal, V. (2012). Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Sleep Hygiene, and Work Hours Among Medical Residents in India. Journal of Tropical Psychology, 2, E4. doi:10.1017/jtp.2012.3
Archived link