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General Procrastination Scale

General Procrastination Scale

What is GPS

The General Procrastination Scale is a 20-item measure of general procrastination. Procrastination is defined as "the tendency to postpone that which is necessary to reach some goal."

GPS Printable PDF

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GPS Scoring and Interpretation

The Lay’s General Procrastination Scale is a 5 point Likert scale, consisting of 20 items, wherein for each item, response alternatives range from extremely uncharacteristic to extremely characteristic.

Participants rate their agreement with each item on the 5-point Likert scale according to the following order:

1 = Extremely Uncharacteristic

2 = Moderately Uncharacteristic

3 = Neutral

4 = Moderately Characteristic

5 = Extremely Characteristic

10 items are reverse scored. Reversed-keyed items: 3,4,6,8,11,13,14,15,18,20.

After reverse scoring 10 items, all items are totalled into a single score with higher values indicating a greater tendency towards chronic procrastination.

PsyPack can automatically score the GPS assessment and prepare corresponding tables and graphs.

GPS sample result

Further, PsyPack automatically plots a graph to help you easily track progress over time.

GPS track progress

Sample Report of GPS

Domain

Procrastination

What does GPS measure

The purpose of the evaluation is to:

  • examine procrastinatory behavior.

Administration

Self-administered

Type of outcome tool

Positive psychology

Assessment modes

Questionnaire

Age and eligibility

Nonstudent

Estimated time

10 to 15 minutes

Notes

As is true of any self-report instrument, respondents can consciously distort their response to the scale if they are motivated to do so.

Procrastination was positively related to measures of disorganization and independent of need-achievement, energy level, and self-esteem. High scorers on the procrastination scale were more likely to return their completed inventory late. Procrastination was unrelated to grade-point average.

Attribution and References

Lay, C. H. (1986). At last, my research article on procrastination. Journal of Research in Personality, 20(4), 474–495.

Lay, C. H. (1986). At last, my research article on procrastination. Journal of Research in Personality, 20(4), 474–495.
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