The Short Dark Tetrad (SD4) is a 28-item instrument which captures subclinical versions of narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism. Based on the emerging consensus that the constellation of dark personalities should include the sadistic personality, the SD4 was built by modifying and extending the Short Dark Triad (SD3) measure to include sadism.
Short Dark Tetrad
Definition
Domains
Personality
Administrations
Self-administered
Assessment type
Clinical
Assessment modes
Questionnaire
Eligibility
18 years and above
Estimated time
Less than 5 minutes
Attribution
Paulhus, D. L., Buckels, E. E., Trapnell, P.D., & Jones, D. N. (2020, online, open access). Screening for dark personalities: The Short Dark Tetrad (SD4). European Journal of Psychological Assessment.